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101.
Coppi Andrea Colzi Ilaria Lastrucci Lorenzo Castellani Maria Beatrice Gonnelli Cristina 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(35):52752-52760
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In this work, we evaluated whether the species Myriophyllum aquaticum (Vell.) Verdc. can be a promising material for devising reliable... 相似文献
102.
Conti Marcelo Enrique Astolfi Maria Luisa Finoia Maria Grazia Massimi Lorenzo Canepari Silvia 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(24):36057-36074
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In this study, we determined the levels of elements (i.e. As, Be, Cd, Cr, Hg, Ni, Pb, U, and Zn) in bees and edible beehive products (honey, wax,... 相似文献
103.
104.
Arzarello M Marcolini F Pavia G Pavia M Petronio C Petrucci M Rook L Sardella R 《Die Naturwissenschaften》2007,94(2):107-112
Some flint lithic artifacts were discovered in the fissure fillings of the well-known Pirro Nord site (Apulia, Southern Italy).
The lithic industry, composed by three cores and some flakes, has been found to be associated to an Early Pleistocene vertebrate
fossil assemblage. The fossil association contains a wide range of micromammals, including Allophaiomys ruffoi and Episoriculus gibberodon and large mammals including Bison degiulii and Equus altidens together with African elements as the gelada baboon Theropithecus and the saber-toothed cat Megantereon whitei. It defines the latest Villafranchian chronological unit (Pirro Nord Faunal Unit) in the Western European mammal biochronology.
The lithic industry of Pirro Nord represents the oldest occurrence of the genus Homo in Europe as it is attributable to a chronological interval between 1.3 and 1.7 Ma. This supports the hypothesis that the
genus Homo, with Oldowaian technology, extended its range in Europe, probably from western Asia, during the first half of the Early
Pleistocene. The new discovery from Pirro Nord changes the chronology of the first arrival of hominids in Europe and offers
new perspectives in the debate about the human dispersal in the Early Pleistocene. 相似文献
105.
Soil erosion induced by land use changes as determined by plough marks and field evidence in the Aksum area (Ethiopia) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Rossano Ciampalini Paolo BilliGiovanni Ferrari Lorenzo BorselliStéphane Follain 《Agriculture, ecosystems & environment》2012,146(1):197-208
The aim of the research presented here was to analyse soil erosion in response to changes in agricultural and soil conservation practices throughout history. The Aksum area (Tigray, northern Ethiopia) presents favourable conditions for the development of a long-term approach for assessing soil conservation techniques that have been applied for centuries (i.e., since the Aksumite kingdom, 400 BC to 800 AD). These techniques have been maintained until the present day, and parts of the terraced systems of the area are still in use. During the 1970s, social and political events led to a remarkable change in land use patterns, and large arable areas were converted into grazing land, resulting in a significant increase in soil loss. The rates of soil erosion were evaluated based on analyses of the deep scratches (plough marks) left on stones in the soil by the maresha, the ard plough pulled by oxen used in agricultural practices of the area, and the patinas, varnishes and weathering rinds exposed by soil loss after the abandonment of the fields. The study results show average rates of soil erosion of 2.8 t ha−1 y−1 and 65.8 t ha−1 y−1 for the soil conservation conditions under traditional agriculture (long-term observations) and accelerated erosion after abandonment (short-term observations), respectively. A comparison using recently calibrated erosion evaluation techniques conducted to support the field measurements revealed a close correlation between the calculated and recorded data. 相似文献
106.
Otto S Altissimo L Zanin G 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2007,14(2):109-113
- DOI: http://dx.doi/10.1065/espr2006.01.016
Background and Goal Agricultural practices can affect the quality of aquifers given that they are often located in cropped areas, so significant
amounts of pesticides can be found in the water. In particular, triazine herbicides are always carefully checked by the official
monitoring systems. The goal of this study was to find the mean concentration of terbuthylazine in an Italian aquifer and
to set up a mass balance of this compound.
Methods Terbuthylazine concentrations in the aquifer were measured in various check-wells during 1998–2004, and the value of censored
data were estimated using a Gompertz inverse in order to evaluate the overall mean concentration. The total terbuthylazine
load in the recharge area was calculated on the basis of surveys of cropped land and the main weed control techniques applied
in the area. Data on aquifer water balance were obtained from previous studies.
Results and Discussion The herbicide terbuthylazine applied in the recharge zone can be transported by surface water and enter the aquifer. Detected
concentrations were always well below the EU drinking water limit and the fraction that can reach the groundwater under normal
cropping practices is small, very likely less than 0.2%.
Recommendations and Outlook The use and application rates of pesticides should be strictly regulated in recharge areas. Vegetated buffer strips can mitigate
the impact of herbicides on surface water through reducing drift and early-spring runoff. Attention should also be paid to
the fate of the main metabolites from soil biochemical processes. 相似文献
107.
A composite approach mixing design-based and model-based inference is considered for analyzing line-transect or point-transect data. In this setting, the properties of the animal abundance estimator stem from the sampling scheme adopted to locate transects or points on the study region, as well as from the modeled detection probabilities. Moreover, the abundance estimation can be viewed as a “generalized” version of Monte Carlo integration. This approach permits to prove the superiority of the stratified placement of transects or points (based on a regular tessellation of the study region) over the uniform random placement. Even if the result was already established for the fixed-area sampling, i.e., when a perfect detection takes place, it was lacking in distance sampling. Comparisons with other widely-applied schemes pursuing an even placement of transects or points are also considered. 相似文献
108.
Cavalli RM Laneve G Fusilli L Pignatti S Santini F 《Journal of environmental management》2009,90(7):2199-2211
This paper aims to assess the suitability of remote sensing for enhancing the management of water body resources and for providing an inexpensive way to gather, on a wide area, weed infestation extent and optical parameter linked to the water body status. Remotely sensed satellite images and ancillary ground true data were used to produce land cover maps, trough classification techniques, and water compounds maps, applying radiative transfer models. The study proposed within the framework of the cooperation between Italian Foreign Affair Ministry (through the University of Rome) and Kenyan Authorities has been carried out on the Kenyan part of the Lake Victoria. This lake is one of the largest freshwater bodies of the world where, over the last few years environmental challenges and human impact have perturbed the ecological balance affecting the biodiversity. The objective of this research study is to define the thematic products, retrievable from satellite images, like weed abundance maps and water compound concentrations. These products, if provided with an appropriate time frequency, are useful to identify the preconditions for the occurrence of hazard events like abnormal macrophyte proliferation and to develop an up-to-date decision support system devoted to an apprised territory, environment and resource management. 相似文献
109.
Integrative assessment of coastal pollution in a Ría coastal system (Galicia, NW Spain): correspondence between sediment chemistry and toxicity 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Elutriate embryo-larval bioassays with sea-urchins (Paracentrotus lividus) and ascidians (Ciona intestinalis) were conducted concurrently with trace metal analyses as part of an integrative assessment of sediment pollution at Ría de Pontevedra (Galicia, NW Spain). High metal contents in sediments were found in localised areas from the inner part of the estuary indicating a clear anthropogenic influence. In particular, very high Cu, Zn and Pb levels were found at sites P2 and P3, which were also the most toxic to the embryo-larval bioassays. Sediment quality guidelines were used to help in the ecological interpretation of sediment chemistry data and to identify pollutants of concern. Cu and Zn in P3 were consistently above the effects range median (ERM) values, which seem to be good predictors of toxicity to sea-urchin and ascidian embryos. A toxic unit approach, based on published EC(50) values and metal levels in elutriates, was used to assess the harmful ecological effects associated to sediment chemistry. Toxicity detected in P3 may be explained on the basis of the toxic unit model; however, the high toxicity detected at P2 may be attributable not only to the metals quantified in the analyses but also to unmeasured organic pollutants. Multidimensional scaling applied independently to the toxicology and chemistry data resulted in a good agreement between both types of configurations. Moreover, the Mantel test revealed a significant correlation (r(M)=0.481; p=0.019) between metal concentrations and toxicity data profiles, supporting the correspondence between configurations. 相似文献
110.
A useful tool based on a single-step extraction and clean-up procedure for the determination of 15 organohalogenated pollutants (including brominated flame retardants) in aquaculture samples, using aluminium oxide basic and acidic silica gel in the supercritical extraction cell followed by gas chromatography with electron capture detection or mass spectrometry has been developed. This effective clean-up step ensures a minimum of chromatographic difficulties related to complex matrix components such as aquaculture feed. The extraction procedure has been screened by a fractional factorial design for the preliminary statistically significant parameters. The factors selected were extraction temperature, pressure, static extraction time, dynamic extraction time and carbon dioxide flow rate. The Doehlert design, followed by a multicriteria decision-making strategy, was then performed in order to determine the optimum conditions for the two most significant factors: pressure (165 bar) and dynamic extraction time (27 min). Under optimal conditions, the procedure developed with GC-MS/MS provides an excellent linearity, detection (0.01-0.2 ng g(-1)) and quantification limits (0.05-0.8 ng g(-1)) for most of the analytes investigated. The feasibility of the proposed supercritical fluid extraction method was validated by analysing two reference materials and fish feed and shellfish samples with satisfactory results. 相似文献